Dandruff is the flaking of the scalp, often caused by dryness, a common scalp yeast, or a mild skin condition. It isn't harmful and, for most people, it can be managed at home. Here's how. This is general information, not medical advice.
What you'll need
- An anti-dandruff shampoo
Step by step
- Use an anti-dandruff shampooLook for an active ingredient such as zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or salicylic acid.
- Let it sit before rinsingLeave the shampoo on your scalp for about five minutes so the active ingredient has time to work.
- Wash regularly but gentlyWashing a few times a week helps control oil and flakes; scrubbing hard can irritate the scalp and make things worse.
- Rotate products if one stops workingScalps can adjust over time, so alternating two shampoos with different active ingredients can keep them effective.
- Manage common triggersStress, cold dry air, and washing too infrequently can worsen flaking for some people.
Handy tips
- Be patient — it can take a couple of weeks to see a clear improvement.
- Rinse thoroughly so no product residue is left on the scalp.
Heads up
- If your scalp is very red, itchy, painful, weeping, or the flaking spreads to your face or body, see a doctor or dermatologist, as it may need prescription treatment.
FAQ
Is dandruff caused by poor hygiene?
No. It's usually linked to a common scalp yeast or dryness rather than cleanliness.
Can I get rid of it permanently?
For many people it's a recurring condition that's controlled rather than cured, so ongoing care keeps it in check.
Do natural remedies work?
Some people find tea tree oil shampoos help, but the evidence varies. A proven anti-dandruff shampoo is more reliable.